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year(s)
month(s)
Assessment & Design (Feasibility)
Main treatment objectives
Biogas production
BOD / COD Reduction
Compost production
Nutrient reduction
Pathogen reduction
Sludge reuse
Reuse of treated wastewater
Solid/liquid separation
TSS and TDS reduction
Required space
Required space
And
m²/person
Skills level
Communitarian operation
Design and Engineering Specialist
FSM specialist for construction
FSM specialist for design
FSM specialist for operation and maintenance
Local contractor for construction
Local NGO for operation and maintenance
No specialist
Design input flow
Design input flow
And
m³/day
Source of sludge
Controlled Open Defecation
Pour flush toilet
Dry toilet
Handwashing Facility
Septic tank not connected by greywater
Shallow Trench Latrine
Unlined pit or tanks connected by greywater
Urinal
Flush toilet
Health facilities
Lined pit latrines
Pit latrines affected by groundwater infiltraton
Lined Pit or tank connected by greywater
Public toilets
Septic tank connected by greywater
Unlined pit latrines
Urine diverting dry toilet
Local constraints
Below freezing point
Mountainous or hilly terrain
Strong winds
Snow load or accumulation
Seabreeze / salt spray (coastal regions)
Rocky ground / underground
Only locally available materials
No road access
No permission to dig/install underground infrastructure.
No permission to build a permanent structure
No connection to the water network
No connection to the electricity network
Low temperatures
Black cotton soil
Limited space
Limited road access, only for small vehicles
Landslide
High water table
High UV radiation
High temperatures
High humidity
Heavy Rain or monsoons
Flood prone area
Earthquakes
Dust and sandstorms (arid region)
Drought
Water scarce areas / Water scarcity
Technologies employed
Activated sludge
Screen
Filtration and Desinfection
Pre-treatment technologies
Sedimentation and Thickening Ponds
Settler
Waste Stabilisation Ponds
Planted drying beds
Upflow filter
Unplanted drying beds
Tricking filters
Treewell
Stabilization ponds
Sewer network
Settling-thickening tank
Sedimentation tank
Sand filter
Rotary press
Polishing pond
Lime treatment
Anaerobic baffled reactor
Infiltration
Incineration
Gravel filter
Glass beads filter
Geotubes and geobags
Disinfection
Constructed wetland
Co-composting
Burial pits
Biogas reactor
Anaerobic Lagoon
Anaerobic filter
Vermi-composting
Design population
Design population
And
persons
Construction
Capex / design input flow
Capex / design input flow
And
USD/m³/day
Time construction and commissioning
Week(s)
And
week(s)
Type of output
Ash
Biosolid
Biogas
Char
Compost
Effluent
Sludge
Design life
- Any -
Long term (years)
Short term (months)
Operation & maintenance
Real input flow
Real input flow
And
m³/day
Opex per real input flow
Opex per real input flow
And
USD/m³
Resources needed for operation
Chemicals
Electricity
Engine
Water
COD Reduction
COD Reduction
And
%
TS Reduction
TS Reduction
And
%
Faecal coliforms reduction
Faecal coliforms reduction
And
Log reduction
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